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Publication library

The research our work builds on, from the hydrodynamics of vortex bioreactors to biomass composition. Works are grouped by topic; each has bibliographic details, a short description in our own words and a link to the publisher. Most of the works were published in Russian; the descriptions here are our translations.

Works found: 88

Vortex cultivation and hydrodynamics7

How flow is organized in gas-vortex bioreactors and how mixing relates to culture productivity.

  1. 2026

    A new approach to microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Ross cultivation based on a pilot-scale vortex photobioreactor

    Gevorgiz R. G., Naumov I. V., Sharifullin B. R. et al. · Bioresource Technology Reports, 2026, vol. 34, 102773

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)
    About this work
    What was studied
    To evaluate a vortex photobioreactor for cultivating a microalga with a viscous culture: flow modelling (CFD) and pilot-scale growth.
    Object
    Porphyridium purpureum; a 200 L vortex photobioreactor in a closed greenhouse
    Result
    According to the authors, as the viscosity of the culture increases, the flow in the vortex reactor becomes more uniform (unlike rectangular ponds, where stagnant zones form). In semi-continuous mode with NaHCO₃ as the carbon source, productivity was 16.96 g/(m²·day).
    Relation to our work
    The vortex photobioreactor described in the article is the installation on which Laboratory 17 works. Information about the installation is limited to what is published in the article. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Naumov I. V., Sharifullin B. R., Skripkin S. G., Zheleznova S. N., Klochkova V. S., Kapranov S. V.
  2. 2025
    In Russian

    Critical intensity of swirling suspension flows and productivity of a batch culture of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis under different light conditions

    Gevorgiz R. G., Sharifullin B. R., Naumov I. V., Zheleznova S. N. · Marine Biological Journal, 2025, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 21–29

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Can a thick culture layer be compensated for by stronger mixing? The authors tested this on spirulina and showed that what matters most is how much light reaches the cells inside the layer.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess how the intensity of vortex mixing and the thickness of the working layer (optical path) affect culture productivity.
    Object
    Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, batch culture with vortex mixing
    Result
    According to the authors, when the working layer was made 3 times thicker, productivity halved, even though vortex mixing intensity was increased tenfold. The main factor of productivity is irradiance inside the suspension combined with mixing intensity; the authors show conditions under which layers differing twofold in thickness give the same productivity.
    Relation to our work
    The engineering line of vortex cultivation mentioned in the project history. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Sharifullin B. R., Naumov I. V., Zheleznova S. N.
  3. 2023

    Topological flow transformations in a universal vortex bioreactor

    Naumov I. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Skripkin S. G. et al. · Chemical Engineering and Processing — Process Intensification, 2023, vol. 191, 109467

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A detailed study of the flow in a universal gas-vortex bioreactor with a floating washer. The authors describe how the vortex structure changes as swirl, volume and viscosity of the medium increase.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To describe flow regimes in a gas-vortex bioreactor: the culture is usually opaque, the regime cannot be judged by eye, and the density and viscosity of the medium change as the culture grows.
    Object
    A universal gas-vortex bioreactor with a free-floating washer
    Result
    According to the authors, despite the complex configuration of the stabilizing washer, the vortex structure and its changes with increasing swirl match the swirling flow in a closed cylindrical vessel.
    Limitations
    A hydrodynamic study of the flow of the medium.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Naumov I. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Skripkin S. G., Tintulova M. V., Tsoy M. A., Sharifullin B. R.

  4. Experimental study of the topological flow transformations in an aerial vortex bioreactor with a floating washer, 2023

    Naumov I. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Skripkin S. G. et al. · Biotechnology Journal, 2023, vol. 18, no. 8, 2200644

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A continuation of research on the flow in a gas-vortex bioreactor, now with a floating washer that stabilizes the movement of the liquid. The authors showed that the vortex in such an apparatus is structured in the same way as in a well-studied cylindrical vessel.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the flow of the medium in a gas-vortex bioreactor with a free-floating washer depending on liquid volume and swirl intensity.
    Object
    A gas-vortex bioreactor; flow visualization by PIV
    Result
    According to the authors, the vortex structure and its dynamics match those of a swirling flow in a cylindrical vessel without a washer, both for one liquid and for two immiscible liquids.
    Limitations
    A hydrodynamic study of the flow of the medium.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Naumov I. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Skripkin S. G., Tintulova M. V., Tsoi M. A., Sharifullin B. R.
  5. 2022
    RU + EN

    Experimental investigation of vortex structure formation in a gas-vortex bioreactor

    Naumov I. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Skripkin S. G., Sharifullin B. R. · Teplofizika i Aeromekhanika, 2022, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 719–724

    English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How exactly does liquid move in a gas-vortex bioreactor? The authors filmed the flow using glowing particles and described how the vortex penetrates deeper at different rotation speeds.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study experimentally how circulating vortex cells form in the liquid of a gas-vortex bioreactor.
    Object
    A gas-vortex bioreactor; model medium — aqueous glycerol solution; PIV method
    Result
    According to the authors, when the activator rotates, meridional and circulating motions of the liquid arise at the same time; the patterns depend on how full the reactor is and on swirl intensity.
    Limitations
    A model liquid, not a microalgae culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Naumov I. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Skripkin S. G., Sharifullin B. R.
    Other version
    English version: Thermophysics and Aeromechanics, 2022, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 683–688
  6. 2021
    In Russian

    Vortex mixing of microalgae cultures

    Gevorgiz R. G., Uvarov I. P., Repkov A. P., Zheleznova S. N. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2021, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 559–563

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A review of ways to mix microalgae cultures. The authors explain why vortex mixing is gentler on cells and propose a simple way to create a vortex directly in the suspension.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To compare ways of mixing microalgae cultures in photobioreactors for intensive cultivation.
    Object
    Ways of mixing microalgae suspensions: bubbling, mechanical and vortex mixing
    Result
    According to the authors, a swirling flow acts gently on cells and avoids highly turbulent and stagnant zones, hydraulic shocks and local overheating. For microalgae, a vortex in the suspension itself is enough; the simplest way to create it is to rotate a submerged flat transparent ring, which makes scale-up easier.
    Relation to our work
    A work from the project history: the engineering approach to mixing with which the participants associate their first experiments. Information is limited to what is published in the article and does not describe Laboratory 17 installations.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Uvarov I. P., Repkov A. P., Zheleznova S. N.
  7. 2016
    Conference paperIn Russian

    Industrial technology for producing biomass of the marine diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann & Lewin using a gas-vortex photobioreactor

    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Zozulya Yu. V. et al. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2016, no. 1–1, pp. 73–77

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The authors grew the marine diatom Cylindrotheca closterium in a 580 L installation and obtained 3.5 kg of dry biomass in 15 days. Harvesting was helped by the natural tendency of these cells to settle: concentrating and filtering through cloth needed no electricity.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To obtain biomass of a benthic-planktonic marine diatom in a gas-vortex photobioreactor and to simplify its harvesting.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca closterium; gas-vortex photobioreactor with a working volume of 580 L
    Result
    According to the authors, 3.5 kg of dry biomass was obtained in 15 days. The suspension was concentrated by natural settling of the cells and filtered through cloth, with no electricity spent on these steps.
    Relation to our work
    A key publication in the project history (the History section on the About page). The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Zozulya Yu. V., Uvarov I. P., Repkov A. P., Lelekov A. S.

Cultivation regimes and nutrition15

Carbon sources, growth media, continuous and batch regimes, microcarriers.

  1. 2026

    Intensive cultivation of Salileptolyngbya sp. IBSS-CYA-8 on microcarriers in a suspended-solid phase photobioreactor

    Miroshnichenko E. S., Zheleznova S. N., Ignateva D. A. et al. · Journal of Applied Phycology, 2026, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 141–159

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)
    About this work
    What was studied
    To increase the culture density of a marine filamentous cyanobacterium using microcarriers and a balanced nutrient medium.
    Object
    Salileptolyngbya sp. IBSS-CYA-8 (a Black Sea strain)
    Result
    According to the authors: biomass concentration up to 3.0 g dry weight/L, productivity 0.30–0.32 g/(L·day); protein up to 56 % and lipids up to 25 % of dry weight; phycoerythrin 125.8 mg/g dry weight.
    Relation to our work
    Scientific groundwork in intensive cultivation of cyanobacteria and production of phycobiliproteins. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Miroshnichenko E. S., Zheleznova S. N., Ignateva D. A., Naumov I. V., Dimov S. V., Kapranov S. V., Gevorgiz R. G.
  2. 2023
    In Russian

    Production characteristics of a culture of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann et Lewin in a two-stage chemostat

    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Malakhov A. S. · Marine Biological Journal, 2023, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 27–50

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Which is better for the bottom-dwelling diatom Cylindrotheca closterium: growing it in batches or in continuous-flow mode, where the medium is constantly renewed? The authors compared both methods and calculated the growth parameters needed to design installations.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To compare continuous-flow and batch cultivation and to study a quasi-continuous culture in a one-stage and a two-stage chemostat.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca closterium, laboratory flat-panel photobioreactors
    Result
    According to the authors, the maximum productivity of the one-stage and two-stage chemostat was 1.35 and 1.50 g/(L·day) at an optimal dilution rate of 0.59 day⁻¹.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Malakhov A. S.
  3. 2021
    In Russian

    Intensive culture of Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann et Lewin on the nutrient medium with sodium bicarbonate

    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G. · Marine Biological Journal, 2021, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 31–38 (open access)

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Can a marine diatom be grown without a CO₂ supply, on a nutrient medium with baking soda? The authors showed that it can and found the pH range in which the culture grows best.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To evaluate sodium bicarbonate as a carbon source for intensive cultivation of a diatom without CO₂ supply.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca closterium, batch culture
    Result
    According to the authors: on RS medium with 1.2 g/L NaHCO₃, maximum productivity was 0.6–0.7 g dry weight/(L·day); the optimal pH was 8.4–9.4.
    Relation to our work
    Scientific groundwork in cultivating diatoms. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G.
  4. In Russian

    Sodium bicarbonate as a carbon source for intensive cultivation of Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Drew et Ross on an industrial scale, 2021

    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2021, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 554–558

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The red microalga Porphyridium is usually supplied with carbon dioxide from a gas cylinder. The authors showed that it can be grown on a nutrient medium with baking soda as the only carbon source.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To test sodium bicarbonate as the only carbon source for intensive cultivation of a red microalga.
    Object
    Porphyridium purpureum; laboratory photobioreactors and cultivation under natural light
    Result
    According to the authors, seawater-based media can contain 20 g/L of sodium bicarbonate or more; culture density reached 3 g dry biomass/L, and productivity in laboratory photobioreactors was up to 1.16 g/(L·day). Under natural light, productivity was 6.33 g/(m²·day) in cloudy weather and 17.7 g/(m²·day) in sunny weather.
    Relation to our work
    Scientific groundwork on supplying cultures with carbon. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P.
  5. ReviewIn Russian

    Pathways of inorganic carbon fixation in cyanobacteria, 2021

    Gevorgiz R. G., Lelekov A. S. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2021, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 576–579

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A review of how cyanobacteria, including spirulina, obtain carbon for growth from carbon dioxide and dissolved salts. The authors propose a generalized scheme of these pathways for spirulina.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To summarize how cyanobacterial cells take up and fix carbon from CO₂, bicarbonate and carbonate ions.
    Object
    Cyanobacteria, including spirulina; literature review
    Result
    The authors describe the CO₂-concentrating mechanism and the intracellular bicarbonate pool and show why the availability of carbon in a particular form can limit culture growth.
    Limitations
    A review.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Lelekov A. S.
  6. 2020
    In Russian

    Efficiency of carbon fixation in the biomass of Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann & J. C. Lewin (Bacillariophyceae) under batch cultivation

    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. · Marine Biological Journal, 2020, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 12–19

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    What share of the carbon absorbed by a culture stays in the biomass? The authors put the terminology in order and estimated this figure for the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To clarify the terms used to describe carbon fixation by microalgae and to estimate what share of the absorbed carbon is fixed in the biomass of a diatom.
    Object
    A batch culture of C. closterium on RS medium with air bubbling
    Result
    According to the authors, the efficiency of carbon fixation in the biomass reached 90 %, the share of carbon in dry biomass was 23 %, and maximum productivity was 1.25 g/L per day.
    Limitations
    A laboratory batch culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N.
  7. 2019
    ReviewIn Russian

    Design features of portable photobioreactors for microalgae

    Romanenko S. A., Gevorgiz R. G. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2019, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 289–294

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A review of portable photobioreactors: what small automatic microalgae cultivators that a person without special training can handle should be like.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To formulate requirements for small automated cultivators that a non-specialist can operate.
    Object
    Existing portable photobioreactors; a review
    Result
    The authors analyze design requirements and compare the parameters, advantages and drawbacks of existing portable photobioreactors.
    Limitations
    A review.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Romanenko S. A., Gevorgiz R. G.
  8. 2016

    Production characteristics of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin grown on medium with artificial sea water

    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Zhondareva Ya. D. · Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2016, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 331–335

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Can the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum be grown on artificial rather than real seawater? The authors tested this in the laboratory and in an open pond under sunlight in Crimea.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the production characteristics of the culture on a nutrient medium with artificial seawater.
    Object
    Phaeodactylum tricornutum
    Relation to our work
    Scientific groundwork on P. tricornutum, one of the documented cultures of Laboratory 17. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Zhondareva Ya. D.
  9. RU + EN

    The Medium for Intensive Culture of the Diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin (Bacillariophyta), 2016

    Ryabushko V. I., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G. et al. · Algologia, 2016, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 237–247

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The authors developed a nutrient medium on which the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium produces dense cultures. The composition of the medium was calculated from how much nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon the biomass itself contains.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To develop a nutrient medium on which the diatom C. closterium produces dense cultures.
    Object
    A batch culture of C. closterium; nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon requirements calculated from the chemical composition of the biomass
    Result
    According to the authors, on the new medium maximum dry biomass was 4.6 g/L and productivity 1 g/L per day; under nitrogen deficiency the cells stick together, and high iron concentrations do not inhibit growth.
    Limitations
    A laboratory batch culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Ryabushko V. I., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G., Bobko N. I., Lelekov A. S.
    Other version
    English version: International Journal on Algae, 2016, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 279–286
  10. 2014
    In Russian

    Intensive culture of diatoms Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin

    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G. · Issues of Modern Algology, 2014, no. 1 (5)

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How fast can the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium grow if it is given more nutrients? The authors grew it on media with different nutrient concentrations and found how productivity depends on how "rich" the medium is.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the growth of C. closterium on media with different concentrations of nutrients.
    Object
    A C. closterium culture on modifications of medium F
    Result
    According to the authors, productivity increases with a proportional increase in nutrients; the maximum is 1.54 g of dry weight per liter per day on 20F medium.
    Limitations
    A laboratory culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G.
  11. 2007
    RU + EN

    Optimization model of the regime for cultivation of microalgae in chemostat of Dunaliella salina Teod.

    Gevorgiz R. G., Borovkov A. B., Shiryaev A. V. · Algologia, 2007, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 458–466

    English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A mathematical model that shows how to run continuous cultivation of microalgae to get the largest yield in a limited time. The example is the alga Dunaliella salina.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To build a model of microalgae growth in a chemostat and find the regime that gives the largest yield.
    Object
    A continuous culture of D. salina; a mathematical model within linear growth
    Result
    According to the authors, the maximum yield is achieved by switching on the flow at the beginning of the linear growth phase at the maximum specific dilution rate.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Borovkov A. B., Shiryaev A. V.
    Other version
    English version: International Journal on Algae, 2007, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 294–302
  12. 2005
    In Russian

    Productivity of Spirulina platensis and Tetraselmis viridis under different cultivation methods

    Borovkov A. B., Gevorgiz R. G. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 70, pp. 9–13

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    What is the best way to grow microalgae: in batches, with constant flow, or by periodically replacing part of the culture? The authors compared these methods on spirulina and the green alga Tetraselmis.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To compare batch, continuous, non-proportional flow and quasi-continuous growth methods in terms of productivity.
    Object
    Cultures of S. platensis and T. viridis
    Result
    According to the authors, with the non-proportional flow method the productivity of both cultures is 1.5 times higher than with the quasi-continuous method.
    Limitations
    Laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Borovkov A. B., Gevorgiz R. G.
  13. In Russian

    Optimizing the growth of Spirulina platensis in a flow culture, 2005

    Lelekov A. S., Sklyarenko S. Yu., Gevorgiz R. G. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 70, pp. 37–41

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    When should the flow of fresh medium be switched on, and at what rate, to get the largest spirulina yield? The authors tested calculations from a mathematical model by experiment.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To find the regime of a quasi-continuous spirulina culture that gives the largest yield.
    Object
    A quasi-continuous culture of S. platensis at different dilution rates
    Result
    According to the authors, the maximum yield is obtained at the highest specific dilution rate with the flow switched on at the beginning of the linear growth phase; the flow method is more advantageous than the batch method.
    Limitations
    A laboratory culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lelekov A. S., Sklyarenko S. Yu., Gevorgiz R. G.
  14. In Russian

    Biomass dynamics of Dunaliella salina under continuous cultivation, 2005

    Gevorgiz R. G., Borovkov A. B. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 67, pp. 35–37

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Can one calculate in advance how much biomass a culture will give in continuous cultivation? The authors showed this using the alga Dunaliella salina and simple mathematical models.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To show that simple mathematical models make it possible to forecast biomass in continuous cultivation.
    Object
    A continuous culture of D. salina
    Result
    The authors demonstrate a forecast of biomass dynamics from the simplest model and compare it with experiment.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Borovkov A. B.
  15. In Russian

    An installation for cultivating marine microalgae, 2005

    Gevorgiz R. G., Shakhmatov A. P. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 67, pp. 44–47

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A description of a simple laboratory installation for growing marine microalgae. The authors' main point: for results from different laboratories to be comparable, light must be measured taking the shape of the cultivator into account.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To propose a laboratory installation for intensive cultivation that is simple to build and maintain.
    Object
    A laboratory installation for marine microalgae
    Result
    The authors stress that, to compare experiments on different installations correctly, light characteristics must be measured taking the geometry of the photobioreactor into account.
    Limitations
    Description of a 2005 laboratory installation.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Shakhmatov A. P.

Cultures, pigments and biomass composition19

Descriptions of cultures, accumulation of fucoxanthin and other pigments, lipids and fatty acids.

  1. 2026

    Halamphora kolbei (Aleem) Álvarez-Blanco et S. Blanco 2014, A Rare Diatom from the Black Sea: Morphological Observations and Revised Description with Biochemical Composition

    Blaginina A. A., Balycheva D. S., Kezlya E. M. et al. · Biology (MDPI), 2026, vol. 15, no. 5, 394 (open access)

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The rare diatom Halamphora kolbei has been described again in detail from a Black Sea culture: its external structure, place on the family tree, growth and biomass composition. According to the authors, almost 38 % of its fatty acids is the omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    Isolation and taxonomic description of a little-studied diatom; assessment of its productivity and biochemical composition.
    Object
    Halamphora kolbei, a strain from Sevastopol Bay (Black Sea)
    Result
    According to the authors, the species is a promising source of eicosapentaenoic acid (an omega-3 PUFA).
    Relation to our work
    Scientific groundwork in isolating and characterizing diatoms. The results were obtained by the authors of the article and do not describe Laboratory 17 batches.
    Authors
    Blaginina A. A., Balycheva D. S., Kezlya E. M., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G., Miroshnichenko E. S., Kulikovskiy M. S., Ryabushko L. I.
  2. 2025

    Effect of PCBs on Production Characteristics and Fucoxanthin / Fatty Acid Content of Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann et Lewin Diatom Enrichment Culture

    Malakhova L., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S. · Current Analytical Chemistry, 2025, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 691–701

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The bottom-dwelling diatom Cylindrotheca closterium lives in the polluted sediments of Sevastopol Bay. The authors tested how polychlorinated biphenyls — persistent industrial pollutants — affect it.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To study how polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) affect growth, lipids, fucoxanthin and fatty acids of a diatom.
    Object
    A C. closterium culture at PCB concentrations from 0.0003 to 100 mg/L, 9 days
    Result
    According to the authors, the culture grew at PCB levels up to 10 mg/L, while at 100 mg/L growth dropped sharply; at moderate concentrations the lipid content rose 1.6-fold and fucoxanthin 4.6-fold.
    Limitations
    A laboratory toxicological experiment.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Malakhova L., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S.
  3. 2024
    In Russian

    The Diatom Nanofrustulum shiloi As a Promising Species in Modern Biotechnology

    Blaginina A. A., Zheleznova S. N., Miroshnichenko E. S. et al. · Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya, 2024, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 301–314 (English version: Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 60(3), 483–495)

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The authors isolated the small diatom Nanofrustulum shiloi from fouling off the Black Sea coast, described it and grew it in the laboratory as a dense culture. They measured the growth rate and the share of protein, lipids, omega-3 acids and fucoxanthin in the biomass.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    Isolation of an algologically pure culture, morphological and taxonomic description, and study of the biochemical and production characteristics of an intensive culture.
    Object
    Nanofrustulum shiloi, a Black Sea strain
    Result
    Under laboratory conditions: specific growth rate 0.8 day⁻¹; maximum productivity 0.46 g dry weight/(L·day); fucoxanthin content at the start of the stationary phase 10 mg/g dry weight; PUFAs up to 67.39 mg/g dry weight.
    Relation to our work
    Scientific context: N. shiloi is a subject of Laboratory 17's market research. The results were obtained by the authors of the article under laboratory conditions and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Blaginina A. A., Zheleznova S. N., Miroshnichenko E. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Ryabushko L. I.
  4. 2023
    RU + EN

    Ecological and Physiological Characteristics and Biotechnological Potential of Diatom Algae Nitzschia amabilis H. Suzuki

    Polyakova S. L., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G., Davidovich N. A. · Fiziologiya Rastenii, 2023, vol. 70, no. 7, pp. 906–914

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The authors studied the little-researched diatom Nitzschia amabilis: at what salinity and light it grows best and how many valuable substances it accumulates.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To determine the optimal growth conditions of the diatom N. amabilis and its biochemical composition.
    Object
    A culture of N. amabilis: salinity, irradiance, photoperiod; batch and continuous-flow modes
    Result
    According to the authors, the optimum is a salinity of 35–36 ‰, 2.95 klx and 14 hours of light; the alga grows at 4–68 ‰; in continuous-flow mode productivity in terms of lipids, fucoxanthin and PUFAs is 2.5–3 times higher.
    Limitations
    A laboratory culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Polyakova S. L., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G., Davidovich N. A.
    Other version
    English version: Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2023, vol. 70, no. 7
  5. 2022

    Biotechnological potential of a new strain of Cylindrotheca fusiformis producing fatty acids and fucoxanthin

    Gevorgiz R. G., Gontcharov A. A., Zheleznova S. N. et al. · Bioresource Technology Reports, 2022, vol. 18, 101098

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The authors described a strain of the bottom-dwelling diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis that grows fast and accumulates the pigment fucoxanthin and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The cells settle to the bottom on their own, so the biomass is easier to harvest.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To characterize a strain of a benthic diatom as a producer of fucoxanthin and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca fusiformis, batch culture
    Result
    According to the authors: specific growth rate 0.52 day⁻¹, maximum productivity 1.56 g/(L·day); fucoxanthin in the biomass up to 21.4 mg/g, PUFAs up to 4.68 % of dry weight. Without mixing, the cells settle to the bottom, which makes biomass harvesting easier.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Gontcharov A. A., Zheleznova S. N., Malakhova L. V., Alyomova T. E., Maoka T., Nekhoroshev M. V.
  6. RU + EN

    Production of Diadinoxanthin in an Intensive Culture of the Diatomaceous Alga Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin. and Its Proapoptotic Activity, 2022

    Gevorgiz R. G., Gureev M. A., Zheleznova S. N. et al. · Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya, 2022, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 264–272

    English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    In a young, actively growing culture, the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium accumulates the pigment diadinoxanthin, and fucoxanthin later. The authors measured how much diadinoxanthin can be obtained and compared both pigments in experiments on tumor cell cultures: diadinoxanthin turned out to be noticeably weaker.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the accumulation of the pigment diadinoxanthin in an intensive culture and compare its cytostatic activity with that of fucoxanthin.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca closterium; cell lines (in vitro) and molecular modelling
    Result
    According to the authors, the activity of diadinoxanthin in cell culture experiments is more than 4 times lower than that of fucoxanthin.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Gureev M. A., Zheleznova S. N., Gureeva E. V., Nekhoroshev M. V.
    Other version
    English version: Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2022, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 261–268
  7. 2021
    In Russian

    Biochemical composition of Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin as a source of biologically active substances in batch cultivation

    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G. · Issues of Modern Algology, 2021, no. 1 (25), pp. 1–9

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    In plain words

    When should a diatom crop be harvested to contain the most valuable substances? The authors traced how the composition of Cylindrotheca closterium biomass changes as the culture grows.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To trace how the biochemical composition of the biomass changes in different growth phases of a batch culture.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca closterium
    Result
    According to the authors, in the exponential phase lipids are about 3 % and carbohydrates 23 % of dry weight; in the stationary phase lipids rise to 28 % and carbohydrates fall to 7 %. Fucoxanthin ranges from 0.5–1 mg/g in the active growth phase to 20 mg/g dry weight at the end of the stationary phase.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G.
  8. 2018
    In Russian

    Relationship between the concentrations of fucoxanthin and total lipids in the biomass of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin

    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G., Malakhov A. S. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2018, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 472–475

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    In plain words

    Measuring lipids in biomass is slow and laborious. The authors found that in the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium lipid content is linearly related to the content of the pigment fucoxanthin, which is easier to measure.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To test whether lipid content can be estimated from fucoxanthin, for rapid monitoring of cultivation conditions.
    Object
    C. closterium biomass in continuous-flow and batch modes
    Result
    According to the authors, the accumulation of fucoxanthin and total lipids is linearly related under different cultivation conditions; fucoxanthin content reaches 2.3 % of dry weight.
    Limitations
    Laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G., Malakhov A. S.
  9. In Russian

    Spectral characteristics of carotenoids from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis in an adaptive response to dehydration, 2018

    Telegina T. A., Gevorgiz R. G., Nekhoroshev M. V. et al. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2018, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 706–710

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    In plain words

    How does spirulina respond to drying out? The authors studied how dehydration, temperature and irradiation affect its yellow-orange pigments, the xanthophylls, and developed a way to isolate them.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study how dehydration, temperature and irradiation affect the formation of spirulina carotenoids.
    Object
    A. platensis biomass; the xanthophylls myxoxanthophyll and oscillaxanthin
    Result
    According to the authors, a method for extracting and purifying xanthophylls was developed; irradiation at 365 nm at 38 °C increases their synthesis, while at low temperature there is no such effect.
    Limitations
    A laboratory study.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Telegina T. A., Gevorgiz R. G., Nekhoroshev M. V., Biryukov M. V., Vechtomova Yu. L., Kritsky M. S.
  10. In Russian

    A method for isolating Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (Nordstedt) Gomont into an algologically pure culture, 2018

    Gevorgiz R. G., Memetshaeva O. A., Romanova D. Yu. · Issues of Modern Algology, 2018, no. 1 (16)

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    In plain words

    A teaching and methods guide: how to isolate spirulina into a pure culture, free of other algae, in an ordinary laboratory without sophisticated equipment.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To give step-by-step instructions for isolating spirulina into an algologically pure culture.
    Object
    A. platensis; a method for non-specialized laboratories
    Result
    The authors describe the isolation procedure and practical recommendations; the work is presented as a teaching and methods guide.
    Limitations
    A methods guide.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Memetshaeva O. A., Romanova D. Yu.
  11. AbstractIn Russian

    Spirulina, a promising source of antitumor compounds, 2018

    Nekhoroshev M. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. · Russian Journal of Biotherapy, 2018, vol. 17, special issue, pp. 51–52

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    In plain words

    How to obtain from spirulina a blue powder with the pigment phycocyanin and, separately, a complex of two yellow carotenoid pigments. According to the authors, the powder contained 18 % C-phycocyanin.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To develop a way to obtain a powder with a high content of phycobiliproteins and a carotenoid complex from spirulina.
    Object
    A quasi-continuous culture of A. platensis; phycobiliproteins, myxoxanthophyll and oscillaxanthin
    Result
    According to the authors, biomass with 15 % phycobiliproteins, a powder with 18 % C-phycocyanin, and a carotenoid complex of myxoxanthophyll and oscillaxanthin in a 7 : 3 ratio were obtained.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract: a brief account without a full description of the methods and statistics. The antitumor effect was not studied in this work — the authors refer to the literature.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Nekhoroshev M. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N.
  12. 2017
    AbstractIn Russian

    Industrial technology for obtaining fucoxanthin, a marine antitumor carotenoid

    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Nekhoroshev M. V. et al. · Russian Journal of Biotherapy, 2017, vol. 16, no. S1, p. 22

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How to isolate pure crystalline fucoxanthin from the biomass of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium. According to the authors, 1 g of crystals was obtained, with up to 99 % of the pigment in its main form.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To describe the production of crystalline fucoxanthin from C. closterium biomass.
    Object
    C. closterium biomass; alcohol extraction and recrystallization
    Result
    According to the authors, crystalline fucoxanthin was obtained and characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR; the share of the trans isomer was up to 99 %.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract: a brief account without a full description of the methods and statistics. The title repeats the wording of the abstract; the properties of fucoxanthin were not studied in this work.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Nekhoroshev M. V., Bobko N. I., Zozulya Yu. V., Uvarov I. P.
  13. 2016
    AbstractIn Russian

    Industrial technology for producing fucoxanthin based on an intensive culture of the marine diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann & Lewin in a gas-vortex photobioreactor

    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Zozulya Yu. V. et al. · Russian Journal of Biotherapy, 2016, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 22

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    In plain words

    A one-page abstract on growing the marine diatom Cylindrotheca closterium in a gas-vortex photobioreactor of hundreds of liters for the pigment fucoxanthin. According to the abstract, 3.6 kg of biomass and 30 g of fucoxanthin were obtained in 18 days.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    A one-page abstract on obtaining fucoxanthin from the biomass of an intensive diatom culture.
    Object
    Cylindrotheca closterium
    Result
    According to the abstract, 3.6 kg of dry C. closterium biomass and 30 g of fucoxanthin (about 1 % of dry weight) were obtained in 18 days in a 600 L gas-vortex system.
    Relation to our work
    Relates to the same 2016 work as the article on the gas-vortex photobioreactor (the History section on the About page). An abstract, not a full research article.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Zozulya Yu. V., Uvarov I. P., Lelekov A. S., Nekhoroshev M. V.
  14. In Russian

    Optical properties and radiation stability of extracts of the marine diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin, 2016

    Revina A. A., Gevorgiz R. G., Lozinina S. S. et al. · Sorption and Chromatography Processes, 2016, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 173–182

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    In plain words

    How resistant is the pigment fucoxanthin to irradiation? The authors studied extracts of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium and found that in the presence of oxygen the pigment partly recovers after irradiation.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the optical properties and radiation resistance of alcoholic and acetone extracts of a diatom, above all fucoxanthin.
    Object
    C. closterium extracts; carotenoid and chlorophyll fractions
    Result
    According to the authors, the radiation stability of fucoxanthin in water–alcohol solutions is higher under aerobic conditions because the pigment recovers after irradiation.
    Limitations
    A physicochemical study of extracts.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Revina A. A., Gevorgiz R. G., Lozinina S. S., Zheleznova S. N., Than Taik, Pavlov Yu. S., Nekhoroshev M. V., Ryabushko V. I.
  15. AbstractIn Russian

    Cultivated algae as a commercial source of antioxidants, 2016

    Nekhoroshev M. V., Ryabushko V. I., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G. · Russian Journal of Biotherapy, 2016, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 77

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A brief overview of two cultures as sources of antioxidant pigments: the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium (fucoxanthin) and spirulina (a carotenoid complex). The authors give their content in the biomass and report that they isolated the pigments in pure form.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    An abstract on cultivated algae as a source of antioxidants.
    Object
    Cultivated microalgae
    Result
    According to the authors, fucoxanthin makes up to 78 % of the carotenoids of C. closterium (1.7 % of dry weight); in spirulina, a complex of two carotenoids makes up 0.76 % of dry weight.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract: a brief account without a full description of the methods and statistics.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Nekhoroshev M. V., Ryabushko V. I., Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G.
  16. 2002
    In Russian

    Pigment degradation in Spirulina platensis (Nords.) Geitl. under phosphorus starvation

    Gevorgiz R. G., Golovnya Yu. N. · Ekologiya Morya, 2002, issue 60, pp. 21–26

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    What happens to spirulina when it lacks phosphorus? The authors showed that in light the cells lose all their pigments but remain alive and recover after feeding.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study what happens to the pigments and biomass of spirulina under deep phosphorus starvation.
    Object
    An S. platensis culture in light and in darkness
    Result
    According to the authors, in light all pigments and the biomass break down, faster than under nitrogen starvation; after phosphates are added, they recover.
    Limitations
    A laboratory culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Golovnya Yu. N.
  17. 1998
    In Russian

    Light-dependent pigment content in microalgae. A non-stationary process

    Gevorgiz R. G. · Algologia, 1998, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 69–74

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    What happens to algal pigments when the cell stops making them because of a lack of nitrogen while light keeps destroying them? The author described this process with equations.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To describe with equations how pigment content changes when pigment synthesis is blocked by a lack of mineral nutrients.
    Object
    Red and blue-green microalgae (Porphyridium cruentum, Oscillatoria sp.) under deep nitrogen limitation
    Result
    The author derives equations for pigment dynamics and applies them to experimental data.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G.
  18. In Russian

    Light-dependent pigment content in microalgae. A model. Theoretical part, 1998

    Trenkenshu R. P., Gevorgiz R. G. · Algologia, 1998, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 170–177

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Why do algal cells contain fewer pigments in bright light? The authors proposed an explanation — a balance between pigment synthesis and destruction by light — and described it with equations.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To explain why the pigment content of cells decreases under strong light.
    Object
    A mathematical model of pigment synthesis and photodestruction
    Result
    The authors propose a mechanism in which pigment concentration is set by synthesis and destruction under light, and derive equations for light-dependent pigment content.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Trenkenshu R. P., Gevorgiz R. G.
  19. In Russian

    Light-dependent pigment content in microalgae. A stationary process, 1998

    Trenkenshu R. P., Gevorgiz R. G. · Algologia, 1998, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 273–277

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Testing the model against experiment: how well the equations linking pigment content to irradiance describe real cultures of four microalgae species.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test the equations relating pigment content to irradiance against experimental data.
    Object
    Chlorella, Platymonas, Spirulina, Synechococcus
    Result
    According to the authors, the equations agree well with experiment; their coefficients were determined for four species.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Trenkenshu R. P., Gevorgiz R. G.

Growth models and measurement methods19

Mathematical models of culture growth, calculation of productivity and photosynthetic efficiency, optical and biochemical methods for assessing biomass and pigments.

  1. 2021
    In Russian

    Estimating the density of a Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Drew et Ross culture from light scattering by the cell suspension

    Zheleznova S. N., Klochkova V. S., Gevorgiz R. G. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2021, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 548–553

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How can one quickly estimate how much biomass a culture of the red alga Porphyridium contains? The authors related the optical density of the suspension to the dry weight of the cells and obtained a simple formula for a rapid estimate.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To relate the optical density of a Porphyridium suspension to the dry weight of the cells.
    Object
    A P. purpureum culture; KFK-3 photometer
    Result
    According to the authors, optical density D750 and dry weight are linearly related; the instrument's readings depend on the position of the cuvette and can differ 1.9-fold.
    Limitations
    A methods paper on one culture and one type of instrument.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Klochkova V. S., Gevorgiz R. G.
  2. In Russian

    Changes in the optical density spectrum of a batch culture of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, 2021

    Klochkova V. S., Lelekov A. S., Shiryaev A. V. et al. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2021, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 543–547

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The spectrum of a spirulina culture is distorted by light scattering. The authors showed how to obtain the "true" absorption spectrum and traced how it changes as the culture grows.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To separate light absorption by pigments from scattering by cells when measuring the spectrum of a culture.
    Object
    A batch culture of A. platensis; a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere
    Result
    The authors calculate the absorption spectrum corrected for scattering and show how optical density changes with the distance between the cuvette and the sphere.
    Limitations
    A methods paper on one culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Klochkova V. S., Lelekov A. S., Shiryaev A. V., Gevorgiz R. G., Buchelnikov A. S., Shupova E. V.
  3. 2020
    In Russian

    Measuring the density of diatom cultures by different methods

    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2020, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 201–207

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The density of an algae culture can be measured in different ways: by weighing, by turbidity, chemically or by counting cells. The authors related these methods to each other using the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To relate the results of different methods for measuring the density of diatom cultures to each other.
    Object
    C. closterium: optical method, gravimetric method, biomass oxidizability, cell counting
    Result
    The authors give conversion coefficients between the methods, along with their advantages, drawbacks and limits of applicability.
    Limitations
    A methods paper on one culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Gevorgiz R. G.
  4. In Russian

    Seasonal dynamics of limiting productivity in a horizontal photobioreactor, 2020

    Chekushkin A. A., Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2020, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 405–411

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How much microalgae biomass can in principle be obtained under sunlight in Sevastopol in different months? The authors measured solar radiation over a season and calculated the upper limit of the yield.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To measure the solar radiation reaching the surface of a photobioreactor and estimate limiting productivity by month.
    Object
    Measurements in Sevastopol from September 2019 to June 2020
    Result
    By the authors' calculation, the limiting yield ranges from 133 g of dry weight per m² in December to 824 g in June (at a photobiosynthesis efficiency of 5.58 %).
    Limitations
    A calculated estimate of the upper limit, not the yield of a specific installation.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Chekushkin A. A., Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G.
  5. 2019
    In Russian

    Measuring the absorption spectrum of dense cultures of benthic microalgae

    Zheleznova S. N., Malakhov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2019, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 463–466

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How can one correctly measure what light a culture of a bottom-dwelling diatom absorbs if its cells settle quickly in the cuvette? The authors analyzed the sources of error and proposed simple solutions.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To analyze errors in measuring the spectra of benthic diatoms associated with scattering and cell settling.
    Object
    A C. closterium culture
    Result
    According to the authors, with a vertical optical path cell settling does not affect the spectrum in the PAR region; fluorescence in the red region must be taken into account.
    Limitations
    A methods paper.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zheleznova S. N., Malakhov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G.
  6. 2018
    In Russian

    Modelling the light distribution on the working surface of a photobioreactor for microalgae

    Malakhov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. · Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry, 2018, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 553–560

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    In plain words

    Is the surface of a photobioreactor evenly lit? The authors modelled the light distribution from LEDs, fluorescent and mercury lamps and showed how uneven it can be.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To compare the distribution of light flux on the surface of a photobioreactor for different light sources.
    Object
    Lighting simulation: LEDs, fluorescent lamps, mercury-vapor (DRL) lamps
    Result
    According to the authors, irradiance across the surface is markedly uneven, and the spectra of similar-looking sources differ; LED strips are recommended for uniform light.
    Limitations
    Computational modelling.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Malakhov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N.
  7. 2017
    In Russian

    Modelling the growth dynamics of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis and the pH of the medium in a carbon-closed system

    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G. · Issues of Modern Algology, 2017, no. 1 (13)

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    In plain words

    Why does a spirulina culture stop growing although about half of the carbon still remains in the medium? The authors explained this with a mathematical model linking growth to the acidity of the medium.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To explain why culture growth stops while about half of the added carbon still remains in the medium.
    Object
    A batch culture of A. platensis without external carbon supply
    Result
    According to the authors' model, during exponential growth the concentration of hydroxyl ions rises exponentially while that of bicarbonate ions falls.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G.
  8. 2016
    In Russian

    A dynamic model of substrate-dependent growth of a batch microalgae culture

    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Gavrilov P. E. · Issues of Modern Algology, 2016, no. 2 (12)

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    In plain words

    A mathematical model of the growth of a microalgae culture that lacks one of its nutrients. It gives a formula for the whole growth curve and simplifies the processing of experimental data.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To describe the density dynamics of a batch culture whose growth is limited by one mineral component of the medium.
    Object
    A mathematical model of a batch culture
    Result
    The authors obtain the dependence of productivity and specific growth rate on density and an analytical expression for the growth curve in the form of a hyperbolic tangent.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Gavrilov P. E.
  9. 2015
    RU + EN

    Method of complex analysis of biochemical composition of microalgae

    Kopytov Yu. P., Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G. et al. · Algologia, 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 35–40

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A method that in 2–4 hours determines dry weight, pigments, protein, carbohydrates and lipids in a single microalgae sample, saving time and reagents.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To determine several components of biomass with one method, saving time and reagents.
    Object
    Microalgae cultures; the biomass oxidizability method
    Result
    According to the authors, in 2–4 hours the method gives dry biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoids, protein, carbohydrates and lipids.
    Limitations
    A methods paper.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Kopytov Yu. P., Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G., Nekhoroshev M. V., Novikova T. M.
    Other version
    English version: International Journal on Algae, 2015, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 397–402
  10. 2014
    In Russian

    Productivity of microalgae system cultivation under the daylight

    Zarei Darki B., Korol O. N., Gevorgiz R. G. · Biotechnologia Acta, 2014, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 109–114

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How much microalgae biomass can at most be obtained under sunlight? The authors calculated this for the area around Isfahan in Iran for different orientations of the illuminated surface.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To calculate the limiting daily productivity of a cultivation system at different orientations of the illuminated surface.
    Object
    Calculation for natural light near Isfahan (Iran)
    Result
    By the authors' calculation, at a photosynthetic efficiency of 5 % the limit is 38 g of dry biomass per m² per day, and at 15 % it is 114 g.
    Limitations
    A calculated estimate of the upper limit.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zarei Darki B., Korol O. N., Gevorgiz R. G.
  11. 2013

    Assessment of extreme productivity of microalgae cultivated in the open air around neighborhoods of Isfahan City

    Korol O. N., Zarei Darki B., Gevorgiz R. G. · Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 2013, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 629–638

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    In plain words

    A theoretical estimate of the limiting productivity of open-air microalgae near Isfahan (Iran): how much biomass sunlight can give at different photosynthetic efficiencies.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To estimate theoretically the limiting productivity of open-air microalgae cultivation.
    Object
    Calculation for the area around Isfahan based on solar radiation and the calorific value of biomass
    Result
    By the authors' calculation, the limiting yield from 21 March to 21 September is about 18.5 kg of dry biomass per m² at a photobiosynthesis efficiency of 15 %.
    Limitations
    A calculated estimate of the upper limit.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Korol O. N., Zarei Darki B., Gevorgiz R. G.
  12. In Russian

    Density dynamics of a microalgae culture in the stationary growth phase, 2013

    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G. · Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden, 2013, issue 108, pp. 39–44

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    In plain words

    After growth stops, the density of an algae culture should remain constant, but in experiments it fluctuates. The authors showed that simple models cannot explain this and outlined what needs to be added to them.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To understand fluctuations in the density of a batch culture in the stationary phase.
    Object
    Batch microalgae cultures
    Result
    According to the authors, modelling the fluctuations requires parameters of the cell's "metabolic bottleneck"; the nature of the fluctuations remains an open question.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lelekov A. S., Gevorgiz R. G.
  13. 2010
    In Russian

    Limiting estimate of microalgae productivity under natural and artificial light

    Gevorgiz R. G., Shchepachev S. G., Korol O. N. · Ekologiya Morya, 2010, issue 80, pp. 29–33

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    In plain words

    What is the highest productivity microalgae can give under sunlight and artificial light? The authors calculated the upper limit and named three parameters without which such an estimate cannot be made.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To calculate the maximum productivity of cultures with different light sources.
    Object
    Calculation for natural and artificial light
    Result
    By the authors' calculation, under natural light at a photobiosynthesis efficiency of 11 % the limit is 102 g of dry biomass per m² per day for latitudes 30–40°; for the territory of Ukraine and Russia, 62.9 g.
    Limitations
    A calculated estimate of the upper limit.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Shchepachev S. G., Korol O. N.
  14. In Russian

    A method for measuring the absorption spectrum of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis (Nordst.) Geitl. in a state of anhydrobiosis, 2010

    Gevorgiz R. G., Fomin N. V. · Ekologiya Morya, 2010, issue 81, pp. 23–24

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    In plain words

    A brief methods note: a simple way to measure the absorption spectrum of dried spirulina — powder or tablets.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To propose a simple way to measure the absorption spectrum of dried spirulina.
    Object
    Air-dry S. platensis biomass; SF-2000 spectrophotometer
    Result
    The authors describe the preparation of a sample from powder or tablets and the procedure for measuring the attenuation spectrum of the suspension.
    Limitations
    A brief methods note.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Fomin N. V.
  15. 2009
    In Russian

    Calculating light characteristics for photobioreactors with solid-state semiconductor light sources

    Gevorgiz R. G., Shchepachev S. G., Korol O. N. · Ekologiya Morya, 2009, issue 79, pp. 90–95

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How can one calculate how much light energy a culture receives from LEDs? The authors gave a step-by-step algorithm using three LEDs as an example and warned that datasheet values cannot always be trusted.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To give an algorithm for calculating the energy characteristics of LED radiation for photobioreactors.
    Object
    Three types of ultra-bright LEDs
    Result
    The authors give a step-by-step calculation algorithm using specific LEDs as an example.
    Limitations
    A calculation method.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Shchepachev S. G., Korol O. N.
  16. 2005
    In Russian

    Estimating Spirulina platensis (Nordst.) Geitl. biomass from the optical density of the culture

    Gevorgiz R. G., Alisievich A. V., Shmatok M. G. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 70, pp. 96–106

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    In plain words

    Can the amount of dry biomass in a spirulina culture be estimated simply by measuring its turbidity? The authors showed that it can, but the conversion factor varies, and caution is needed with it in production.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test whether the dry weight of spirulina can be estimated from the optical density of the suspension.
    Object
    An S. platensis culture; KFK-2 photoelectric colorimeter
    Result
    According to the authors, optical density D750 and dry weight are linearly related, but the coefficient varies between 0.66 and 1.1, so the estimate should be used with caution in production.
    Limitations
    A methods paper on one culture.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Alisievich A. V., Shmatok M. G.
  17. In Russian

    The simplest model of the absorption spectrum of a culture of lower phototrophs, 2005

    Shmatok M. G., Shiryaev A. V., Gevorgiz R. G. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 70, pp. 90–95

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Can one find out how much pigment the cells contain without extracting it, from the spectrum of the living culture? The authors proposed a simple mathematical model of such a spectrum.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To determine pigment concentrations from the absorption spectrum of a living culture without extraction.
    Object
    Absorption spectra of cultures of lower phototrophs
    Result
    The authors propose a simple model of the spectrum and derive relations for pigment concentrations.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Shmatok M. G., Shiryaev A. V., Gevorgiz R. G.
  18. In Russian

    Calculating the efficiency of photobiosynthesis in lower phototrophs. 1. Continuous culture, 2005

    Gevorgiz R. G., Shmatok M. G., Lelekov A. S. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 70, pp. 31–36

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    What share of light energy does a culture convert into biomass? The authors gave an algorithm for calculating this efficiency for a flow culture, with an example on spirulina.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To develop an algorithm for calculating photobiosynthesis efficiency in a continuous culture.
    Object
    A continuous culture of S. platensis
    Result
    According to the authors, a flat-panel or cylindrical photobioreactor lit from the base makes it possible to calculate efficiency with minimal error.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Shmatok M. G., Lelekov A. S.
  19. In Russian

    Applying the simplest models to describe batch growth curves, 2005

    Gevorgiz R. G., Lelekov A. S. · Ekologiya Morya, 2005, issue 67, pp. 38–43

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How can growth rate and productivity be correctly calculated from the growth curve of a batch culture? The authors showed a simple way using the alga Dunaliella salina.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To show how to calculate the main growth characteristics from a batch growth curve.
    Object
    A batch culture of Dunaliella salina
    Result
    The authors calculate the maximum specific growth rate, productivity and specific respiration rate; the method is approximate but convenient for comparing curves.
    Limitations
    A theoretical work: a model and calculation that the authors tested on laboratory cultures.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Gevorgiz R. G., Lelekov A. S.

Biological activity: preclinical studies26

Experiments on cell cultures and laboratory mice carried out jointly with biomedical institutes. These are not clinical studies and do not prove any benefit for humans.

Overview: biological effects of cyanobacteria and microalgae →

  1. 2026
    Full text · CC BY 4.0In Russian

    Therapeutic efficacy of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi in experimental toxic hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease in mice

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Dolgalev E. K. · Siberian Scientific Medical Journal, 2026, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 58–70

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)Download PDF

    In plain words

    How the biomass of the marine cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi acts on mice with experimental liver damage and intestinal inflammation. According to the authors, in liver damage liver enzymes and bilirubin decreased.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test how intragastric administration of a suspension or extract of cyanobacterial biomass affects experimental models of toxic hepatitis and intestinal inflammation in mice.
    Object
    Suspension and extract of L. cf. ectocarpi; mice with models of alcohol- and paracetamol-induced hepatitis and intestinal inflammation
    Result
    According to the authors, in the hepatitis models the activity of liver aminotransferases and bilirubin levels decreased; the white blood cell count changed in different directions in different models; changes in liver and intestinal structure were noted.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans. Experimental disease models; not a basis for conclusions about treating people.
    Relation to our work
    According to the publication, the biomass was grown at the facilities of sole proprietor T. A. Nevskaya (IP Nevskaya T. A.), the operator of Laboratory 17, and the work was carried out with her financial support. Results of experiments in mice do not describe the properties of batches and do not carry over to humans.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Dolgalev E. K.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Siberian Scientific Medical Journal.
  2. Abstract

    Impact of the marine cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi on somatic cell function in mice suffering from inflammatory bowel disease and toxic hepatitis, 2026

    Lykov A., Uvarov I., Dolgalev E. · BGRS/SB-2026: Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure / Systems Biology, poster session

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)
    About this work
    What was studied
    The function of somatic cells in mice with models of intestinal inflammation and toxic hepatitis when given the cyanobacterium.
    Object
    L. cf. ectocarpi; laboratory mice
    Limitations
    A poster presentation: only the title and keywords are published on the conference website. Experimental models in mice; not a basis for conclusions about treating people.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Uvarov I., Dolgalev E.
  3. Abstract

    Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects of cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi in mice with toxic hepatitis, 2026

    Uvarov I. P., Lykov A. P. · BGRS/SB-2026: Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure / Systems Biology, poster session

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)
    About this work
    What was studied
    Blood biochemistry and cytokines in mice with a model of toxic hepatitis when given the cyanobacterium.
    Object
    L. cf. ectocarpi; laboratory mice
    Limitations
    A poster presentation: only the title and keywords are published on the conference website. Experimental models in mice; not a basis for conclusions about treating people.
    Relation to our work
    May share an experimental basis with the article in the Siberian Scientific Medical Journal (2026) and the neighboring poster in the same session.
    Authors
    Uvarov I. P., Lykov A. P.
  4. AbstractIn Russian

    Efficacy of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi in toxic liver damage in mice, 2026

    Uvarov I. P., Lykov A. P. · Pathophysiology: Past, Present and Future. Proceedings of the All-Russian Conference with International Participation dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Academician V. V. Novitsky (Tomsk, 23–24 September 2026). Tomsk: Siberian State Medical University Press, 2026, pp. 161–163

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    An abstract on how Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi biomass acts on mice with liver damage caused by ethanol and paracetamol, and on how light during cultivation changes the biomass composition.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess the effect of a suspension and an extract of the cyanobacterium in models of liver damage with ethanol and paracetamol and to compare the biomass composition under two light regimes.
    Object
    L. cf. ectocarpi; C57Bl/6 mice with models of alcohol- and paracetamol-induced hepatitis
    Result
    According to the authors, under high light the biomass contains more phycoerythrin and less phycocyanin; in mice the cyanobacterium reduced liver aminotransferase activity and bilirubin levels.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract without group sizes or detailed statistics; the data apparently overlap with the article in the Siberian Scientific Medical Journal (2026). A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    According to the publication, the work was carried out with financial support from sole proprietor T. A. Nevskaya (IP Nevskaya T. A.), the operator of Laboratory 17. Results of experiments in mice do not describe the properties of batches and do not carry over to humans.
    Authors
    Uvarov I. P., Lykov A. P.
  5. AbstractIn Russian

    Therapeutic potential of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in CD-1 mice, 2026

    Dolgalev E. K., Lykov A. P. · Pathophysiology: Past, Present and Future. Proceedings of the All-Russian Conference with International Participation dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Academician V. V. Novitsky (Tomsk, 23–24 September 2026). Tomsk: Siberian State Medical University Press, 2026, pp. 47–49

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    An abstract on a mouse model of intestinal inflammation: according to the authors, Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi biomass reduced signs of inflammation roughly as much as the comparison drugs.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess the effect of a suspension and an extract of the cyanobacterium in a model of intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium.
    Object
    L. cf. ectocarpi; female CD-1 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, in the groups given the cyanobacterium the total clinical sign score was 2–4 versus 10 in untreated mice; IL-1β and TNFα decreased and IL-10 increased.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract without group sizes or detailed statistics; comparison with drugs does not mean equal efficacy. A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans. Not a basis for conclusions about treating Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis in people.
    Relation to our work
    According to the publication, the work was carried out with financial support from sole proprietor T. A. Nevskaya (IP Nevskaya T. A.), the operator of Laboratory 17. Results of experiments in mice do not describe the properties of batches and do not carry over to humans.
    Authors
    Dolgalev E. K., Lykov A. P.
  6. 2025
    RU + EN

    Metabolic changes caused by suspension and extract of Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi in C57Bl/6 mice

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G. et al. · Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, 2025, vol. 180, no. 8, pp. 213–216

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Mice were given a suspension and an extract of the marine cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi grown under low and high light. According to the authors, the metabolic shifts depended both on the light and on the number of administrations.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study metabolic parameters in mice after repeated administration of a suspension and an extract of a cyanobacterium.
    Object
    Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi; female C57BL/6 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, the changes depended on the light conditions under which the culture was grown and on the number of administrations.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    According to the publication, the biomass was grown at the facilities of sole proprietor T. A. Nevskaya (IP Nevskaya T. A.), the operator of Laboratory 17, and the work was carried out with her financial support. Results of experiments in mice do not describe the properties of batches and do not carry over to humans.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Miroshnichenko E. S., Dolgalev E. K., Poveshchenko O. V.
    Other version
    English version: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2025, vol. 180, no. 2, pp. 237–239
  7. RU + EN

    Effect of Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi Phycobiliproteins on Functional Properties of Macrophages, Lymphocytes, Hepatocytes, and Enterocytes in C57BL/6 Mice, 2025

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Dolgalev E. K. · Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, 2025, vol. 180, no. 10, pp. 450–453

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Phycobiliproteins are the pigment-proteins of cyanobacteria (phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin). The authors measured them in an extract of Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi and tested them on mouse cells.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To determine the content of phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin in a cyanobacterial extract and test how they affect enzyme activity in mouse cells.
    Object
    L. cf. ectocarpi extract; macrophages, splenocytes, hepatocytes and enterocytes of C57BL6 mice (in vitro)
    Result
    According to the authors, the light intensity of the culture affected the set of phycobiliproteins in the extract; no substantial effect of phycobiliproteins on the activity of NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases in the cells was found.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Dolgalev E. K.
    Other version
    English version: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2025, vol. 180, no. 4, pp. 435–437
  8. 2024
    Full text · CC BY 4.0RU + EN

    Effect of per os administration of fucoxanthin alcoholic and oil extracts to Balb/c mice on biochemical parameters and serum cytokine level

    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. et al. · Siberian Scientific Medical Journal, 2024, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 58–63

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    In plain words

    For five days, mice were given an alcoholic or oil extract of fucoxanthin by mouth, and blood biochemistry and cytokines were examined. The authors note both metabolic changes and signs of a decrease in the protein-synthesizing function of the liver.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study biochemical parameters and serum cytokine levels in mice after intragastric administration of alcoholic and oil extracts of fucoxanthin.
    Object
    Fucoxanthin extracts; Balb/c mice
    Result
    According to the authors, fucoxanthin extracts changed liver enzymes, lipids, albumin and blood cytokines; the authors interpret the changes in albumin, triglycerides and uric acid as a decrease in the synthetic function of the liver.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans. The Russian and English publications belong to one line of research — they are not two independent confirmations.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Rachkovskaya L. N., Poveshchenko O. V.
    Other version
    English version (2025): Cell and Tissue Biology, 2025, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 77–81
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Siberian Scientific Medical Journal.
  9. Full text · CC BY 4.0

    Cyanobacteria and Microalgae, and the Phenomenon of “Trained Immunity” in Mouse C57Bl/6 Macrophages, 2024

    Lykov A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Poveshchenko O. · Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 2024, vol. 14, no. 5, 106

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)Download PDF

    In plain words

    "Trained immunity" is the ability of innate immune cells to "remember" an encounter with a stimulus and then respond more strongly. The authors tested whether extracts of cyanobacteria and microalgae cause such reprogramming.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test whether extracts of cyanobacteria and microalgae affect the development of "trained immunity" in mouse macrophages.
    Object
    Extracts of cyanobacteria and microalgae of different taxa; macrophages of C57Bl/6 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, no typical metabolic reprogramming of macrophages was found.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Poveshchenko O.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry.
  10. AbstractIn Russian

    Effect of DMSO extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria of different taxa on human and rat mesenchymal stem cells, 2024

    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P. · Pharmacological Approaches in Regenerative Medicine: Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference (Tomsk, 7–10 October 2024). Tomsk, 2024, pp. 41–43

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    In plain words

    Mesenchymal stem cells are bone marrow cells that give rise to bone, cartilage and fat tissue. The authors tested in vitro how extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria act on them.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess the effect of microalgae and cyanobacteria extracts on proliferation and nitric oxide production by mesenchymal stem cells.
    Object
    Human and rat bone marrow MSCs (in vitro); extracts of T. viridis, L. cf. ectocarpi, P. agardhii, R. mixta, N. shiloi, fucoxanthin, phycocyanin
    Result
    According to the authors, most extracts increased cell proliferation and viability and stimulated nitric oxide production; the effect differed by species.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P.
  11. Abstract

    Biological consequences of cyanobacteria and microalgae, 2024

    Lykov A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S. et al. · BGRS/SB-2024: Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure / Systems Biology, Novosibirsk, 5–10 August 2024, abstract no. 119

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    In plain words

    A brief summary of a series of experiments with extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria: effects on mouse blood, on stem cells and lymphocytes, and on bacteria in vitro.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To summarize a series of experiments with extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria of different taxa.
    Object
    Extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria; cells in vitro and laboratory mice
    Result
    The authors report antibacterial activity of some extracts in vitro, changes in blood parameters in mice taking oil extracts, and effects of DMSO extracts on stem cells and lymphocytes.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract: a brief account of a series of experiments in vitro and in laboratory mice without a full description of the methods; not clinical data.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Uvarov I., Poveshchenko O.
  12. Abstract

    Mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and NO production under cyanobacteria and microalgae condition, 2024

    Lykov A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S. et al. · BGRS/SB-2024: Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure / Systems Biology, Novosibirsk, 5–10 August 2024, abstract no. 121

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    In plain words

    An English-language abstract of the same experiment as the 2024 Tomsk abstract: in vitro, extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria enhanced the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and their nitric oxide production.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess how DMSO extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria affect the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and their nitric oxide production.
    Object
    Human and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (in vitro)
    Result
    According to the authors, most extracts increased cell proliferation and viability and nitric oxide production; the effect differed by species.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The same line of experiments as in the abstract "Effect of DMSO extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria of different taxa on human and rat mesenchymal stem cells" (Tomsk, 2024).
    Authors
    Lykov A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Uvarov I., Poveshchenko O.
  13. AbstractIn Russian

    Microalgae and cyanobacteria: biological effects on animal somatic cells and antimicrobial potential, 2024

    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P. · Algae: Problems of Taxonomy and Ecology, Use in Monitoring and Biotechnology. Proceedings of the 7th All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation, Vladivostok, 16–20 September 2024, p. 74

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    In plain words

    An overview abstract of the group's research: how extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria of different groups act on mice, their cells and bacteria.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the biological effects of extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria of different taxa on animal somatic cells and their antimicrobial potential.
    Object
    Oil, alcoholic and DMSO extracts of green, red and diatom microalgae and cyanobacteria; mice and cells in vitro
    Result
    According to the authors, oil extracts changed serum levels of proteins, lipids and sex hormones in mice; the extracts affected cytokines and the functions of lymphocytes and monocytes and suppressed the growth of some bacteria and mycobacteria in vitro.
    Limitations
    A conference abstract: a brief account of a series of experiments in vitro and in laboratory mice without a full description of the methods; not clinical data.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P.
  14. AbstractIn Russian

    Effect of microalgae and cyanobacteria extracts on the proliferation of human somatic cells in vitro, 2024

    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. et al. · Proceedings of the VI National Congress on Regenerative Medicine, Saint Petersburg, 13–15 November 2024, pp. 575–576

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Can extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria replace serum when growing human cells? According to the authors, in a number of cases the cells grew no worse than with serum.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess how aqueous and DMSO extracts of microalgae and cyanobacteria affect the growth of human cells in culture, including without serum in the medium.
    Object
    Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, EA.hy926 endothelial cells and skin fibroblasts (in vitro)
    Result
    According to the authors, most extracts supported cell proliferation, including in serum-free medium; the effect depended on the alga species.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Uvarov I. P., Surovtseva M. A., Kim I. I., Poveshchenko O. V.
  15. 2023
    Full text · CC BY 4.0

    Study of the Antimicrobial Potential of the Arthrospira platensis, Planktothrix agardhii, Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi, Roholtiella mixta nov., Tetraselmis viridis, and Nanofrustulum shiloi against Gram-Positive, Gram-Negative Bacteria, and Mycobacteria

    Lykov A., Salmin A., Gevorgiz R. et al. · Marine Drugs, 2023, vol. 21, no. 9, 492

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    In plain words

    Extracts of six species of cyanobacteria and microalgae were tested against bacteria isolated from tuberculosis patients and against mycobacteria. The result depended on the species: some extracts suppressed microbial growth, others stimulated it.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess the antimicrobial potential of cyanobacteria and microalgae extracts against bacteria and mycobacteria.
    Object
    Extracts of six species of cyanobacteria and microalgae; in vitro experiments and experiments in mice
    Result
    According to the authors, the extracts suppressed the growth of some bacteria and mycobacteria in vitro, but in some cases could also stimulate growth; the result depended on the species.
    Limitations
    In vitro experiments and experiments in laboratory mice; not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Salmin A., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Rachkovskaya L., Surovtseva M., Poveshchenko O.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Marine Drugs.
  16. Full text · CC BY 4.0In Russian

    Effect of extracts from microalgae on cytokine levels in female C57Bl6 mice, 2023

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. · Medical Immunology (Russia), 2023, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 81–90

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    In plain words

    Cytokines are signalling proteins of the immune system. The authors measured them in the blood, liver, kidneys and immune cells of mice that ate feed with oil extracts of five microalgae species for 12 days.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study cytokine levels in mice fed with oil extracts of microalgae from different taxonomic groups.
    Object
    Oil extracts of five microalgae species; female C57Bl/6 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, the extracts changed blood levels of IL-1β and TNFα, cytokine production by immune cells, and levels of cytokines and nitric oxide in the liver and kidneys; the direction of the changes depended on the alga species.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Medical Immunology (Russia).
  17. 2022
    Full text · CC BY 4.0

    Bioavailability and Safety of Lipid Fraction from Different Taxa of Microalgae in Female C57BL/6 Mice

    Lykov A., Uvarov I., Gevorgiz R. et al. · Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 2022, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 6845–6862

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    In plain words

    The summarizing article of the series: is the lipid fraction of five microalgae species in feed safe for mice? The authors found no acute toxicity but noted changes in immune and biochemical parameters.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess the toxicity of the lipid fraction of microalgae of different taxa added to feed.
    Object
    Chlorella vulgaris, Coelastrella sp., Arthrospira platensis, Cylindrotheca closterium, Porphyridium purpureum; female C57BL/6 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, no acute toxic effect was found; changes in a number of immunological and biochemical parameters were noted.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Uvarov I., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Surovtseva M., Kim I., Bondarenko N., Poveshchenko O.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry.
  18. Full text · CC BY 4.0In Russian

    Study of the haematopoietic and immune effect of microalgae extracts, 2022

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G. et al. · Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 2022, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 109–120

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    In plain words

    Do oil extracts of microalgae harm blood formation and the immune system of mice? The authors compared five species: red blood cells and hemoglobin did not change, while white blood cells and immune cells changed in different ways.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the effect of oil extracts of five microalgae species on hematopoiesis and immune cells.
    Object
    Oil extracts of C. vulgaris, Coelastrella sp., A. platensis, C. closterium, P. purpureum; laboratory mice
    Result
    According to the authors, the extracts affected individual blood and immune cell parameters differently depending on the microalga species.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Poveshchenko O. V.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology.
  19. Conference paperFull text · CC BY

    The Influence of Fucoxanthin Immobilized on Porous Aluminum-Silicon Carrier Surface on the Functional Activities of Immunocytes in Mice, 2022

    Lykov A., Rachkovskaya L., Gevorgiz R. et al. · KnE Life Sciences, 2022: 8th Scientific and Practical Conference "Biotechnology: Science and Practice", pp. 77–83

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    In plain words

    A short report on fucoxanthin fixed on aluminium oxide particles with silicone: the authors tested in vitro how the composition affects mouse immune cells.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess whether fucoxanthin on aluminosilicate carrier particles has a toxic effect on mouse immune cells.
    Object
    Mouse thymocytes and splenocytes (in vitro)
    Result
    According to the authors, no toxic effect on the cells studied was found.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Rachkovskaya L., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Poveshchenko O.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: KnE Life Sciences.
  20. Conference paper

    Antimycotic effect of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, 2022

    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. et al. · 2022 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Engineering, Computer and Information Sciences (SIBIRCON), 2022, pp. 450–454

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Does spirulina act on the tuberculosis pathogen? The authors tested a spirulina infusion in vitro and in mice with experimental infection.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess the effect of spirulina on tuberculosis mycobacteria in culture and in infected mice.
    Object
    Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro; mice with experimental infection
    Result
    According to the authors, an infusion of A. platensis reduced the mycobacterial load in the liver and spleen of mice and suppressed mycobacterial growth in in vitro tests.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N., Nemkova E., Gordeeva E., Salmin A., Belogorodtsev S.
  21. 2021
    Full text · CC BY 4.0

    In Vitro and In Vivo Effect of the Composition of Fucoxanthin with Porous Aluminum-Silicon Career on Cells

    Lykov A., Rachkovskaya L., Surovtseva M. et al. · Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 2021, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 9467–9476

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    In plain words

    A continuation of the work on fucoxanthin on aluminium oxide particles with silicone. The composition was tested on mouse immune and intestinal cells, on human stem and endothelial cells, and when taken by mouth by mice.

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    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess whether fucoxanthin on aluminosilicate carrier particles has a toxic effect on cells.
    Object
    Mouse immune cells, enterocytes, mesenchymal stem cells and the EA.Hy926 line (in vitro); administration to mice
    Result
    According to the authors, no toxic effect on cells was found at the doses studied.
    Limitations
    Cell cultures and laboratory mice; not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Rachkovskaya L., Surovtseva M., Kim I., Rachkovsky E., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Korolev M., Kotlyarova A., Letyagin A., Poveshchenko O.
    License
    Publisher's PDF, unchanged, distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). Copyright remains with the authors; journal: Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry.
  22. RU + EN

    Effect of the lipid fraction of microalgae on biochemical parameters in female C57BL/6 mice, 2021

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. · Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, 2021, vol. 172, no. 9, pp. 287–291

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)English version (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    How feed with oil extracts of five microalgae species changes the blood, liver and kidney biochemistry of mice. According to the authors, different algae acted differently.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study how adding the lipid fraction of microalgae from different groups to the diet affects blood, liver and kidney biochemistry.
    Object
    Female C57BL/6 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, the microalgae differed in their effect on levels of proteins, lipids and sex hormones, aminotransferase activity and kidney filtration capacity.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N.
    Other version
    English version: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2022, vol. 172, no. 3, pp. 301–304
  23. In Russian

    Effect of a diet enriched with an oil extract of microalgae of different taxa on body weight and blood sugar levels in female C57BL6 mice, 2021

    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N. · Current Biotechnology (Aktual'naya Biotekhnologiya), 2021, no. 1 (35), pp. 148–150

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    For 12 days, mice were given feed soaked with oil extracts of five microalgae species. The authors monitored body weight and blood sugar.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test whether feed with oil extracts of microalgae affects body weight and blood glucose.
    Object
    Female C57BL/6 mice
    Result
    According to the authors, the extracts showed no toxic effect and did not substantially change body weight gain or glucose levels.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A. P., Uvarov I. P., Gevorgiz R. G., Zheleznova S. N.
  24. In Russian

    Effects of Arthrospira platensis (Nordstedt) Gomont phycobiliproteins in plant tissues: antioxidant activity in a glucose oxidase test system and uncoupling of oxidation and phosphorylation in mitochondria, 2021

    Stepanov A. V., Aksenova A. A., Polyakova E. A. et al. · Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture, 2021, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 202–224

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    The blue pigment-proteins of spirulina are known as antioxidants in animal cells. The authors tested how they act in plant tissues, using potato as an example.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To study the effect of spirulina phycobiliproteins on hydrogen peroxide formation and the function of plant mitochondria.
    Object
    A phycobiliprotein extract of A. platensis; potato tissues and mitochondria
    Result
    According to the authors, at a protein concentration of 0.25 mg/mL the extract reduced hydrogen peroxide formation and uncoupled oxidation and phosphorylation in potato mitochondria.
    Limitations
    Experiments on plant tissues and isolated mitochondria (in vitro).
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Stepanov A. V., Aksenova A. A., Polyakova E. A., Fedoseeva I. V., Grabelnykh O. I., Gevorgiz R. G.
  25. 2020
    Conference paper

    Toxicity of Fucoxanthin on Balb/c Mice Splenocytes and Thymocytes

    Lykov A., Rachkovsky E., Gevorgiz R. et al. · 2020 Cognitive Sciences, Genomics and Bioinformatics (CSGB), Novosibirsk, 2020, pp. 277–280

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    In plain words

    Fucoxanthin, a pigment of diatoms, was fixed on porous aluminium oxide particles with a silicone coating. The authors tested in vitro whether this composition harms mouse immune cells.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test whether a composition of fucoxanthin on porous aluminium oxide particles with polydimethylsiloxane is toxic to mouse immune cells.
    Object
    Spleen and thymus cells of Balb/c mice (in vitro); fucoxanthin from C. closterium
    Result
    According to the authors, the composition did not impair the viability or proliferation of spleen and thymus cells after one and five days of contact; an alcoholic extract without the carrier reduced the viability of spleen cells with prolonged contact.
    Limitations
    Experiments on cell cultures (in vitro); not a clinical study and not proof of an effect in humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Lykov A., Rachkovsky E., Gevorgiz R., Zheleznova S., Kotlyarova A.
  26. 2017
    In Russian

    Metabolic and motor activity effects of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) in laboratory mice

    Zavyalov E. L., Petrovskiy D. V., Kontsevaya G. V. et al. · Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding, 2017, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 841–847

    DOI / publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    What happens if laboratory mice are given a suspension of live chlorella instead of water for three weeks? The authors monitored body weight, motor activity and blood parameters.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess how a chlorella suspension given instead of drinking water affects body weight, motor activity and blood parameters of mice.
    Object
    A Chlorella vulgaris suspension; male and female ICR mice, three weeks
    Result
    According to the authors, in females body weight rose after just one week, while in males it hardly changed; after three weeks the red blood cell count rose in both sexes and hemoglobin only in females; daily motor activity did not change.
    Limitations
    A study in laboratory mice, not a clinical study in humans; the conclusions do not carry over to humans.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Zavyalov E. L., Petrovskiy D. V., Kontsevaya G. V., Mak V. V., Uvarov I. P., Zavyalova Ya. L., Rozhkov O. A.

Animal and poultry feed2

Production trials of a feed supplement with Chlorella in broiler chicken fattening. The feed product is made by a third-party manufacturer; these studies do not characterize Laboratory 17 materials.

  1. 2018
    In Russian

    Assessing the feasibility of using the feed complex Algalat in fattening broiler chickens

    Uvarov I. P. · Innovations and Food Safety, 2018, no. 3 (21), pp. 31–35

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    Does a chlorella feed supplement pay off in broiler fattening? The author converted the Algalat trial data into feed savings: the 0.5 % dose gave the most.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To assess whether a chlorella-based feed supplement pays off: live weight gain and feed consumption at different doses.
    Object
    Broiler chickens, a control and three supplement doses (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 % of feed)
    Result
    According to the author, the greatest live weight gain was at the 0.5 % dose (2067 g against 1933 g in the control); feed savings per 1 kg of gain were 130, 80 and 60 g at doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 %; slaughter yield in all groups met the standards.
    Limitations
    A single production trial in small groups of birds. Algalat is a third-party product; the work does not describe Laboratory 17 materials.
    Relation to our work
    The same doses and group design as in the 2017 article; here, a calculation of feed consumption.
    Authors
    Uvarov I. P.
  2. 2017
    In Russian

    Results of a production trial of the chlorella-containing preparation Algalat in broiler chickens

    Uvarov I. P. · Innovations and Food Safety, 2017, no. 1 (15), pp. 12–16

    Publisher (opens in a new tab)

    In plain words

    A production trial of the feed supplement Algalat (dry chlorella and lactic acid bacteria) in broiler chickens. According to the author, the best result came from the lowest of three doses — 0.5 % of the diet.

    Read the explanation
    About this work
    What was studied
    To test the feed complex Algalat (dry chlorella and lactic acid bacteria with fillers) in fattening broiler chickens and to choose the dose.
    Object
    Broiler chickens: 4 groups of 12 birds, 39 days; supplement at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 % of feed
    Result
    According to the author, bird survival in all groups was 100 %; by day 42 the average live weight in the experimental groups was 2043–2127 g against 1994 g in the control, the highest at the 0.5 % dose.
    Limitations
    A single production trial in small groups of birds. Algalat is a third-party product; the work does not describe Laboratory 17 materials.
    Relation to our work
    The results were obtained by the authors of the publication and do not describe Laboratory 17 materials or batches.
    Authors
    Uvarov I. P.

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